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22325 Electrical and Electronic Measurements Notes | MSBTE Diploma
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The following overview outlines
the key topics usually covered:
1.
Introduction to Measurement:
·
Measurement systems, units, and standards.
·
Errors in measurement: systematic, random, and
gross errors.
·
Accuracy, precision, resolution, and
sensitivity.
2.
Measurement of Basic Electrical Quantities:
·
Measurement of voltage, current, power, energy,
and frequency.
·
Moving coil, moving iron, dynamometer, and
induction type instruments.
·
Power factor meters.
3.
Measuring Instruments:
·
Voltmeters, ammeters, and ohmmeters.
·
Wattmeters and energy meters.
·
Multimeters.
4.
Instrument Transformers:
·
Current transformers (CT) and potential
transformers (PT).
·
Ratio, phase angle error, and applications.
5.
Oscilloscopes:
·
Cathode ray oscilloscope (CRO) – working, types,
and applications.
·
Measurement of phase and frequency using
Lissajous figures.
6.
Electronic Instruments:
·
Digital voltmeters, frequency counters, and
logic analyzers.
·
Q-meters and spectrum analyzers.
7.
Transducers and Sensors:
·
Classification, characteristics, and working
principles.
·
Transducers for measurement of temperature,
pressure, flow, and displacement.
8.
Measurement of Non-Electrical Quantities:
·
Temperature measurement using thermocouples,
RTDs, and thermistors.
·
Measurement of pressure, level, speed, and light
intensity.
9.
AC and DC Bridges:
·
Wheatstone bridge, Kelvin's bridge, and
Maxwell's bridge.
·
Schering bridge and Anderson's bridge.
10.
Digital Measurement Techniques:
·
Analog-to-digital (ADC) and digital-to-analog
converters (DAC).
·
Sampling theorem and data acquisition systems.
11.
Safety and Precautions:
·
Safety measures while taking measurements.
·
Maintenance and calibration of measuring
instruments.
12.
Applications:
- Role of measurements in industries, power systems, and research.